Two pair of the dice were made by a cheater in the 1970's and do not appear to have been used. They are a pair of Red and a pair of Green dice made to look like dice from Caesars Palace in Las Vegas. These are Tops & Bottoms dice, which means that the number showing on top of the die when it lands is the same number on the opposite side, so it can't be seen. These dice are high percentage dice for the shooter and are meant to be slipped into the game without the pit crew's knowledge. The dice mechanic must then be able to get the dice out of play, or suffer broken bones, or maybe fill a hole in the Nevada desert.

The dice appear to have little, if any, actual use. These are the only Tops & Bottoms dice I have ever seen having the same logo as an actual Las Vegas club. If you look closely at the photos you'll be able to see that the tops are the same as the bottoms, thus making some number combinations impossible to shoot, and greatly changing the percentage chance of the other combinations. I have the percentage tables inside the auctions.

The 3rd Pair of dice is LOADED and is from the West Side Club in Chicago. I did a little research because I asked around and the consensus was that the West Side Club was from Chicago because that is the location most of the dice were found. However, with a little more digging I found that the West Side Club was a harness racing track in Chicago, with photos dating from 1905 onwards. It is not too much of a stretch to think that a horse track in the beginning of the 20th century might also have some rooms set aside for gambling, especially in Chicago.

In any case I determined these dice were loaded using a die vice and lightly positioning 1 die in it from one corner to the corner directly across from it. As the dice are spun, almost frictionless, it's a sure sign that when it stops, it rocks back and forth and always stops with the same number facing up.

It's hard to determine whether these were used by a dice mechanic to gain and edge, or used to the house to fleece the customers more quickly. In either case it's a nice piece of history, especially for the illegal collector.