many theories. Different decks from arab countrie,, China, France, etc.

Count the dots upon the cards, there are 365, the number of days in a year.

"The four suits — hearts, clubs, spades and diamonds — represent the four seasons. Meanwhile, the 13 cards in each suit represent the 13 phases of the lunar cycle. And did you ever notice that there are 52 cards in a deck, just as there are 52 weeks in a year? If so, it still might have escaped you that if you add up all the symbols in a deck of cards, there are 365 — the same as the number of days in a year."

Wikipedia:

Robt.