You'd be surprised what clubs used crest & seals. Usually crest & seals are the first chip ordered when the place opens. Later on the club purchases hot stamps or whatever is cheap.

Many c&s I have from the caribbean are the chips bought when the place opened. Later on, whatever they could find was used. Go to my PR or Cban page and note the dates.

Take for instance "The Glenwood" in Montana. Beautful c&s. Hole in the wall joint. Many examples like that.

I would never discount a attribution because the place was a dump. I could easily envision the 119 c&s being ordered in 1929 with subsequent orders being Gene's hot stamps.