I think it's kind of funny that a seasoned collector to ask what the standard colors are. Sorry not trying to make fun of anyone. There really isn't a standard in colors, but typically $1-white, $5-red, $25-green, $100-black, $500-purple and $1000-yellow. California uses different colors for these denominations.

I highly recommend Chiptalk if you're looking for advise on home sets. Just start a post there, tell them how you currently play your games and what you're thinking of getting e.g. tourney and cash set, # players, clay or ceramic and most importantly your budget. There are a lot of great members that are willing to tell you what your options are, help figure out what you may need and where to buy it from. Don't forget to check out the Custom Chips area of Chiptalk, you'll see some great designs for ideas and also there are some talented designers that can help you too.

Good luck!!