As I pointed out before, a reasonable person would agree that the carving on the Goldfield chip took place before the crack. I doubt that any person would go through the trouble of carving a cracked chip, especially when there were so many uncracked chips. I also believe that any crack in the ivory would occur not long after the ivory was originally sliced from the tusk. I guess I basethis on the fact that wood cracks when it dries out. Once dry very little movement occurs. Based on what I just said, I' would say that the recarving occured in the same era (10 years or so) of when they were purchased.

I still believe that the rim color doesn't tell much. The worn red rim could have been partially sanded. The result would be a rim that appears worn.